Richard Christiana, DC DIBE

Extremity MRI and Xray Interpretation of the Shoulder: Identifying normal anatomy on both MRI and Xray, inclusive of osseous, connective tissue, and neurological structures. Identifying fractures in adult and pediatric cases. Differentially diagnosing various arthritic etiologies of osseous derangement.

Identifying fractures in adult and pediatric cases. Differentially diagnosing various arthritic changes vs. benign and metastatic Tumors.

Identifying normal anatomy on both MRI and Xray, inclusive of osseous, connective tissue, and neurological structures, identifying fractures in the adult and pediatric cases. Differentially diagnosing various arthritic etiologies of osseous derangement. Differntially diagnosing various arthritic changes vs. benign and metastatic Tumors.

Identifying normal anatomy on both MRI and Xray, inclusive of osseous, connective tissue, and neurological structures, identifying fractures in the adult and pediatric cases. Differentially diagnosing various arthritic etiologies of osseous derangement. Differentially diagnosing various arthritic changes vs. benign and metastatic Tumors.

Identifying normal anatomy on both MRI and Xray, inclusive of osseous, connective tissue, and neurological structures, identifying fractures in the adult and pediatric cases. Differentially diagnosing various arthritic etiologies of osseous derangement. Differentially diagnosing various arthritic changes vs. benign and metastatic Tumors.

Identifying normal anatomy on both MRI and x-ray, inclusive of osseous, connective tissue, and neurological structures. Identifying fractures in adult and pediatric cases. Differentially diagnosing various arthritic etiologies of osseous derangement.

Identifying fractures in the adult and pediatric cases. Differentially diagnosing various arthritic changes vs. benign and metastatic Tumors

Identifying normal anatomy on both MRI and Xray, inclusive of osseous, connective tissue, and neurological structures. Identifying fractures in adult and pediatric cases. Differentially diagnosing various arthritic etiologies of osseous derangement.

Identifying fractures in the adult and pediatric cases. Differentially diagnosing various arthritic vs. benign and metastatic Tumors.

Identifying normal anatomy on both MRI and x-ray, inclusive of osseous, connective tissue, and neurological structures, identifying fracture in the adult and pediatric cases. Differentially diagnosing various arthritic etiologies of osseous derangement. Differentially diagnosing various arthritic changes vs. benign and metastatic Tumors.

Identifying normal anatomy of both MRI and x-ray, inclusive of osseous, connective tissue, and neurological structures, identifying fractures in the adult and pediatric cases. Differentially diagnosing various arthritic etiologies of osseous derangement. Differentially diagnosing various arthritic changes vs. benign and metastatic Tumors.

Primary Spine Care, Demonstrative Documentation Requirements, Analyzing the requirements in anatomical diagnostic imagery to communicate Spinal pathology. Integrating technology, clinical findings, and advanced graphic tools to communicate a diagnostic conclusion., 2023, 2013

Clinical case review of MRI including intra and extra-dural findings inclusive of the disc and vascular anatomical lesions, and spinal cord vascular lesions in both acute trauma and degenerative presentations.

Analyzing neuro-biomechanical pathological lesions defines primary spinal lesions and removes the dogma of non-specific back pain. Creating evidence based demonstrative documentation in the creation of treatment plans.

diagnosing and documenting: Ependymoma, Astrocytoma, Hemangioblastoma, Lipoma, Meningioma, Neurofibroma, Schwannoma, Myxopapillary Ependymoma.

Clinical record keeping, why write clinical notes, the importance of context, what to include in a clinical note, tips for better clinical documentation, basic legal considerations, open clinical notes, how to keep documentation efficient.

Utilizing pain patterns, the high signal in the annulus, high innervation, tissue repair, and how they all relate to clinical practice. Ligament pathology correlating to the mechanisms of patho-neuro-biomechanical lesions, (vertebral subluxation complex). Also, how ligaments play a critical role in the chiropractic spinal adjustment and in defining the chiropractic spinal adjustment mechanisms.

Case reviews concluding an accurate diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment plan utilizing evidence based instrumentation and algorithms. Using demonstrative reporting of case findings to collaborate with co-treating physicians

A documentation discussion on meeting the requirements of the courts, carriers and licensure boards in complete and accurate reporting. Ensuring the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment plan are demonstratively documented.

Triage and Connective Tissue Injuries an Wound Repair, Triaging the injured differentially diagnosing both the primary and secondary complaints. Connective tissue injuries and wound repair morphology focusing on the aberrant tissue replacement and permanency prognosis potential.

Spinal Trauma Pathology, Ligament Anatomy and Injury Research and Spinal Kinematics, Spinal ligamentous anatomy and research focusing on wound repair, future negative sequelae of abnormal tissue replacement and the resultant aberrant kinematics and spinal biomechanics of the spine.

Spinal Biomechanics, Central Nervous System and Spinal Disc Nomenclature, The application of spinal biomechanical engineering models in trauma and the negative sequelae it has on the central nervous system inclusive of the lateral horn, periaqueductal grey matter, thalamus and cortices involvement.

Spinal Trauma Pathology, Biomechanics of Traumatic Disc Bulge and Age Dating Herniated Disc Pathology. The biomechanics of traumatic disc bulges as sequelae from trauma and the comorbidity of ligamentous pathology. Age-dating spinal disc pathology in accordance with Wolff's Law.

Clinical Grand Rounds, The review of case histories of mechanical spine pathology and biomechanical failures inclusive of case histories, clinical findings and x-ray and advanced imaging studies. Assessing comorbidities in the triage and prognosis of the injured.

Clinical Grand Rounds, The review of case histories of mechanical spine pathology and biomechanical failures inclusive of case histories, clinical findings and x-ray and advanced imaging studies. Assessing comorbidities in the triage and prognosis of the injured.

Spinal Trauma Pathology, Research Perspectives, The review of current literature standards in spinal trauma pathology and documentation review of biomechanical failure, ligamentous failure and age-dating disc pathology.

Neurology of Ligament Pathology - Normal Morphology and Tissue Damage, Connective tissue morphology, embryology and wound repair as sequalae to trauma. Full components of Strain-Sprain models and permanency implications with wound repair and osseous aberration with aberrant structural integrity.

Neurology of Ligament Pathology - Spinal Biomechanics and Disc Pathology, Disc pathology as sequellae to trauma; herniation, extrusion, protrusion, sequestration and how the spinal unit as one system creates homeostasis to balance the pathology.

Neurology of Ligament Pathology - Neurological Innervation, The peripheral and central innervation of the disc and spinal ligaments of the dorsal root ganglion, spinal thalamic tracts, periaqueductal gray areas innervating the Thalamus and multiple regions of the brain. The efferent neurological distribution to disparate areas of the spine to create homeostatis until tetanus ensues creating osseous changes under the effect of Wolf's Law.

Orthopedic Testing: Principles, Clinical Application and Triage, Integration of orthopedic testing in the clinical setting to develop a differential diagnosis. Utilizing radiographic and advanced imaging inclusive of MRI and CAT scan findings to verify tissue pathology suspected by orthopedic testing conclusions and developing a treatment plan as sequelae.

Orthopedic Testing: Cervical spine, Integration of cervical orthopedic testing in the clinical setting to develop a differential diagnosis. Utilizing radiographic and advanced imaging inclusive of MRI and CAT scan finding to verify tissue pathology suspected by orthopedic testing conclusions and developing a treatment plan as sequelae.

Orthopedic Testing; Cervical Spine, Integration of cervical orthopedic testing in the clinical setting to develop a differential diagnosis. Utilizing radiographic and advanced imaging inclusive of MRI and CAT scan findings to verify tissue pathology suspected by orthopedic testing conclusion and developing a treatment plan as sequelae.

Orthopedic testing: Lumbar Spine, Integration of lumbar orthopedic testing in the clinical setting to develop a differential diagnosis. Utilizing radiographic and advanced imaging inclusive of MRI and CAT scan findings to verify tissue pathology suspected by orthopedic testing conclusion and developing a treatment plan as sequelae.

Orthopedic Testing: Clinical Grand Rounds, how to integrate orthopedic testing in the clinical setting utilizing both simple and complex patient scenarios. It includes potential stroke, or vertebro-basilar insufficient patients and understanding the nuances in a clinical evaluation with orthopedic testing as a critical part of the evaluation and screening process. How to integrate orthopedic testing in the clinical setting utilizing both simple and complex patient scenarios. It includes potential stroke, or vertebrobasilar insufficient patient and understanding the nuances in a clinical evaluation with orthopedic testing as a critical part of the evaluation and screening process.

Traumatic Brain Injury and Concussion Overview: This section is an in-depth overview and traumatic brain injury in concussion. It discusses that all brain injuries are traumatic and dispels the myth of a "mild traumatic brain injury." Also, this covers triage protocols and the ptential sequela of patients with traumatic brain injuries.

This section discusses gross traumatic brain injuries from trauma and significant bleeding with both epidural and subdural hematomas. There are numerous case studies reviewed inclusive of neurosurgical intervention and post surgical outcomes.

This section continues with multiple case studies of gross traumatic brain injuries from trauma requiring neurosurgical intervention and also discusses recovery sequela based upon the signifcance of brain trauma. This module also concludes with concussion protocols in traumatic brain injury short of demonstrable bleeding on advance imaging.

This section covers concussion etiology and cognitive sequela where gross bleeding has not been identified on advance imaging. It discusses the significance of electroencephalogram testing in determining brain function and pathology (if present). This module also covers the understanding of waveforms in electroencephalogram testing in both normal and abnormal scenarios.

This module covrs amplitude, conduction and conduction delays as sequela to traumatic brain injury to diagnose concussion and traumatic brain injury in the absence of gross bleeding and advanced imaging. This section covers electroencephalograms and event-related potentials which measures the brain response that is a direct result of specific sensory or motor events. It is a stereotypical electrophysiological response to a stimulus and provides a noninvasive means of evaluating brain function. In this module multiple case studies are discussed with ensuing triage protocols pending the results.

Accident Reconstruction - Terms, Concepts and Definitions, The forces in physics that prevail in accidents to cause bodily injury. Quantifying the force coefficients of vehicle mass and force vectors that can be translated to the occupant and subsequently cause serious injury.

Accident Reconstruction: Causality, Bodily Injury, Negative Acceleration Forces, Crumple Zones and Critical Documentation, Factors that cause negative acceleration to zero and the subsequent forces created for the vehicle that get translated to the occupant. Understanding critical documentation of hospitals, ambulance reports, doctors and the legal profession in reconstructing an accident.

Accident Reconstruction: Skid Marks, Time, Distance, Velocity, Speed Formulas and Road Surfaces, The mathematical calculations necessary utilizing time, distance, speed, coefficients of friction and acceleration in reconstructing an accident. The application of the critical documentation acquired from an accident site.

Accident Reconstruction: Research, Causality and Bodily Injury, Delta V issues correlated to injury and mortality, side impact crashes and severity of injuries, event data recorder reports correlated to injury, frontal impact kinematics, crash injury metrics with many variables and inquiries related to head restraints.

Stroke Anatomy and Physiology: Brain Vascular Anatomy, The anatomy and physiology of the brain and how blood perfusion effects brain function. At detailed analysis of the blood supply to the brain and the physiology of ischemia.

Stroke Anatomy and Physiology: stroke types and Blood Flow, Various types of stroke identifying ischemia, hypo-perfusion, infarct and penumbra zones and emobli. Cardiac etiologies and clinical features as precursor to stroke with associated paradoxical emboli and thrombotic etiologies. Historical and co-morbidities that have etiology in stroke inclusive of diabetes, coagulopathy, acquired and hereditary deficiencies.

Stroke Principles of treatment and Overview for the Primary Care Provider, Stroke type and treatments performed by vascular specialists. The goals of treatment with the physiology of the infarct and penumbra zones and the role of immediate triage in primary care setting. Detailing the complications of stroke and future

Clinical Evaluation & Protocols for Identifying Stroke Risk, The neurological history and examination for identifying stroke risks with a focus on supra and infratentorial regions, upper and lower motor lesions, cranial nerve signs, spinal cord pathology, motor and sensory pathology and gait abnormalities. Examining genetic and family histories along with dissection risk factors. Stoke orthopedic testing and clinical guidelines pertaining to triage for the primary care provider.

Defects of Neuromuscular Transmission, Pre-Synaptic Disorders, Release of ACh (ie) Lambert Eaton Syndrome, Botulism Post-Synaptic Disorders, (ACh receptors) (ie) Myesthenia Gravis.

Review of Anatomy: Sensory and Motor, Clinical Presentations, Classical Presentations, use of NCS to grade severity, Minimal, Mild, Moderate, Severe and End Stage EDx findings.

Review of anatomical variations in the upper extremity, (ie) Martin Gruber type I, II, III, IV. Beeretini, Riche Cannieu, Marincini & Lower Extremity, Sciatic/Piriformis and Lateral Cutaneous Meralgia. Brachial Plexopthies and Lumbosacral Plexopathies.

Presentation regarding the uncommon Upper Extremity Nerve Conduction Studies, Motor: Radial, Musculocutaneous, Axillary, Long Thoracic, Supraspinatus and Infraspinatus Motor: Medial Ulnar comparisons, Medial and Lateral Brachial Cutaneous.

MRI Brain Protocols for Multiple Sclerosis, Epidemiology, Pathophysiology and Clinical Variants.

Physiology review of generation of motor and sensory compound action potentials, Function of Na+/K- pump, resting potentials, Depolarization, Repolarization, Refractory periods, Saltatory Conduction, Conduction Blocks vs Slowerd Conduction. Effects of temperature.

In depth discussion of Myasthenia Gravis,Muscle Membrane Disorders, (myotonia), Contractile mechanisms in Muscular Dystrophy. Case Presentation of Thoracic Outlet Syndrome, Medial Cord Lesion. Clinical findings in Upper Motor Neuron Lesions and Lower Motor Neuron Lesions with clinical findings.

Reliability of late response and discussion of the pathway from point of stimulation in generating H-Reflex vs Fwaves. Discussion and lecture by Jun Kimura, MD.

Wendy Sebetka, R.NCS.T leads a workshop on repetitive stimulation workshop with live demonstration on audience volunteer, Stimulation Technique of base line of Train of 7 stimulations and 4 additional trains of 7 stimulations, with immediate post exercise followed by 1, 2 and 3 minute post exercise. Identifying pathology in Myasthenic Syndrome vs Myasthenia Gravis

Jeff Stakowski, MD discusses new technology and terminology related to ultrasonography. Explanation of transducer heads and hyperechoic and hypoechoic images of normal bone, tendon and nerve structures.

Jeff Strakoski, MD explains Upper Limb Focal Neuropathies and descriptions of fasicular architectures. Confirming nerve tissue in short and long axis sonography. Inspecting for notching and enlargement in entrapment scenarios. Identifying scar tissue etc.

Identifying normal and abnormal structures, in impingement and diseased states. Robert Skakowski, MD, shows advantages of visualizing focal neuropathies.

Jun Kimura, MD discusses myotonia, Maesthenia Gravis, Single muscle discharges, mechanism of pacemaker induced complex repetitive discharges. Physiology of the nerve to muscle action potentials. Myesthenic Syndrome and Myesthenic Gravis.

Discussion led by Sanjeev Nanadedkar, PhD, explores the variations of recruitment, rates, morphology of simple and polyphasic during voluntary motion in normal and diseased states including upper motor neuron disease vs myopthy vs neuropathy patterns.

Discussion of various types of peripheral and intracranial types of myelinated and demyelinated causes. Findings and prognosis dependent on understanding location of the lesions

Wendy Sebetka, R.NCS.T discusses technical abnormalities and false positives for pathologies, how to avoid these pitfalls and create a proper testing environment with temperature control as well as measurement accuracy. Polyneuropathies, mononeuropathies, etc.

Sanjeeve Nandedkar, PhD lectures on the various autonomic response using heart rate, Valsalva's manuever and establishing normal values and abnormalities identified. In addition Sensory Evoked Potential Analysis(Central Nerve Testing), and artifact rejection and stimulation techniques using 3 times the perception thresholds for patient comfort.

Establishing normal values in your electrodiagnostic lab utilizing various methods including E-Ref methods

Sanjeev Nandedkar, PhD, explains activation of insertional activity vs spontaneous activity in Needle EMG data collection

Jun Kimura, MD lectures on the various Electrodiagnostic findings in polyneuropathies and the significance of Fwaves and NCVs and markers that may predict neuropathies. Diabetic Radiculopathies and significance of paraspinal dennervation potentials in the thoraco-lumbar regions.

Demonstration of Cranial Nerve Testing, Spinal Accessory Nerve and Facial Nerve. Blink Reflex; Jun Kimura, MD

Instrumentation and how to reduce noise and artifacts various techniques in determination of interference and how to solve it to get better baseline and more accurate data; Sanjeeve Nandedkar, PhD

The latest research on the 6 ways to age-date disc herniations and bulges from trauma, inclusive of disc pathology nomenclature, MRI ordering protocols, inclusive of Dixon format and fat-suppressed images. The neurology and pathology of connective tissue and the sequellae of trauma at the bio-mechanical level leading to bio-neuro-mechanical failure. Contemporary U201c evidence based building blocks U201d for for triaging and in a collaborative environment.

Integrating automated mensuration into creating treatment plans and determining maximum medical improvement. At literature-based study of normal vs. abnormal motor until function. Determing ligamentous laxity, alteration of motion segment integrity and pathological stress units and whole person impairments based upon the literature and academic standards.

The literature-based definitions of both the mechanisms the chiropractic adjustment and how it affects the central nervous system in pain pathways and systemic issues that is the arbiter for normal vs. abnormal function. The u201c physiological mechanisms u201d of how the chiropractic spinal adjustment affects the peripheral and central nervous systems. Subluxation degeneration/Wolff's Law will be detailed from a literature perspective combined with the mechanism of subluxation (bio-neuro-mechanical lesion) A literature perspective why long-term chiropractic care is clinically indicated as usual aand customary to effectuate demonstrable bio-mechanical changes in the spine. An evidenced-based perspective of why physical therapy is a poor choice for spine as a 1st referral option for any provider inclusive of the literature.

An academic basis for documentation that is usual and customary across profession in collaborative care. Maintain ethical medical-legal rationships based upon Voir Dire and Duabert standards with ensuing inclusive report. Ensuring Primary Care Status based upon academic standards

Diagnostics, Risk Factors, Clinical Presntation and Triaging the Trauma Patient. An extensive understanding of the injured with clinically coordination of the history, physcial findings and when to integrate neurodiagnostics. An understanding on how to utilize emergency room records in creating an accurate diagnosis and the signficance of "risk factors" in spinal injury. PACE Recognized by the Feration of Chiropractic Licensing Boards

An extensive understanding of the physics involved in the transference of energy from the bullet car to the target car. This includes G's of force, newton, gravity, energy, skid marks, crumple zones, spring factors, event data recorder and the graphing of the movement of the vehicle before, during and after the crash. Determining the clinical correlation of forces and bodily injury. PACE Recognized by the Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards

MRI, Bone Scan and X-Ray Protocols, Physiology and Indications for the Trauma Patient, MRI interpretation, physiology, history and clnical indications, bone scan interpretation, physiology and clinical indications, x-ray clinical indications for the trauma patient. PACE recognized by the Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards

Neurodiagnostic Testing Protocols, Physiology and Indications for the Trauma Patient, Electromyography, (EMG), Nerve Conduction Velocity (NCV), Somato Sensory Evoked Potentials (SSEP), Visual Evoked Potential (VEP), Brain Stem Auditory Evoked Potentials (BAER) and Visual-Electronystagmosgraphy (V-ENG) interpretations, protocols and clinical indications for the trauma patient. PACE Recognized by the Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards

Documentation and Reporting for the Trauma Victim, Understanding the necessity for accurate documentation and diagnosis utilizing the ICD-10 and the CPT to accurately describe the injury through diagnosis. Understanding and utlizing state regulations on reimbursement issues pertaining to healthcare. PACE Recognized by the Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards

Documenting Clinically Correlated Bodily Injury to Causality, Understanding the necessity for accurate documentation, diagnosis and clinical correlation to the injury when reporting injuries in the medical legal community. Documenting the kinesiopathology, myopathology, neuropathology and pathophysiology in both a functional and structural pradigm. PACE Recognized by the Federation of Chiropractic Licensing Boards

The understanding and utilization and parameters of the AMA Guide to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment 6th Edition, Spine, neurological sequelae, migraine, sexual dysfunction, sleep and arousal disorders, station and gait disorders and consciousness are detailed for impairment rating. Herniated discs, radiculopathy, fracture, dislocation and functional loss are also detailed in relation to impairment ratings.

Identifying unexpected results as pathology vs technology. Supression of high amplitude noise and interference. Identifying and correcting electrode impedance, Cable and Leads, the effect of "weaving cables" on raw data and waveforms. Filter settings to reduce signal amplitudes, durations, and stabilizing the baseline. Effects of low Frequency (High Pass filters) on EMG waveforms

Identifying Pre vs Post-Ganglionic Lesions and localizing the lesion. Reducing Noise, Interference and Artifacts. Proper Grounding of equipment, power cords etc. Reducing Impedance and Motor Artifacts. Effect of moving electrodes away from muscles, (Rotating anode), Stimulus artifacts and how polarity will affect baselines

EMG Stages: Insertional Activity and muscle fiber membrane; Spontaneous Activity; Nerve and myscle hyper excitablity; Architecture of motor unit potentials; Recruitment patterns indicating number of motor units, Central Drive. 1A nerve fibers. Spontaneous Activity: Fibrillation Potentials vs Positive Sharp Wave; Complex Repetitve Discharges; Mytonic Discharges; Fasciculation, Myokymia, Neuromyotonia, Myopathy and Neuropathy

The Neuromuscular Junction; Normal and Pathophysiology of Neuromuscular Transmission; the Pre-snaptic cleft, Snaptic cleft and Post-synaptic cleft. Endplate potentials seen in Myasthenia Gravis, Lambert-Eaton (pre-snaptic); Myasthenia Gravis, post synaptic; Botulism; Myotonia Ion channels in muscle fiber and toxicity to Acetylcholine esterase.

Principles and Practice of Electrodiagnosis: Proper History and Examinations before EDx. Study of twitch, measurements, distal vs proximal shocks, linear or nonlinear changes. Sumary of Focal vs Multifocal Neuropathies: Case studies of Radial Nerve abnormalities, Conduction Blocks of Median Nerve in patients with Polyneuropathies, Compression Neuropathies

Significance of Fwave in Diabetic Polyneuropathies; Peroneal vs Tibial nerves. Significance of A wave

EDx Studies presented of patients with Guillain Barre Syndrome; Using Blink reflexes. Multiple Sclerosis, Myasthenia Gravis; Identifying lower motor neuron lesions. Normal vs ALS; Myogenic Lesions; Brachial Lesions from Birth

Identifying Motor Lesions affecting the Upper Motor Neurons, Motor Cortex, Lower Motor Neurons, Brainstem and Spinal Cord: Symptoms, Signs, Forms: ALS, PLS, PMA, BAD, SMA, SBMA, Frontotemporal Dementia and Parkinsonism and Variable Presentations

Identifying Risk Factors Pevalence of Painful DPN; Pathophysiology, Polyol pathway, increased sorbitol and fructose and altered fatty acid metabolism. Metabolic considerations, vascular, genetic and environmental insults on the peripheral nerve. Patterns of DN, Disal, Symmetric sensorimotor neuropathy, Mononeuritis Multiplex (ischemic), Diabetic Lumbosacral plexopathy, (Diabetic Amyotrophy)

Neurodiagnostics, Imaging Protocols and Pathology of the Trauma patient, An in-depth understanding of the protocols in triaging and reporting the clinical findings of the trauma patient. Maintaining ethical relationships with the medical-legal cumunnuity.

Case Based Review of Common Conditions on x-ray, MRI and CT scan of spine related, hip and pelvic disorders

Principles of Primary Spine Care and the Lumbopelvic spine; New models for the diagnosis and treatment of spine related disorders per the biopsychososocial model

Clinical reasoning in Spine Pain and classifications spine pain utilizing CRISP protocols; documentation and validity testing, provocative testing and manual therapies

Review of Current state and future directions of thee health care system; Introduction and explanations of the Primary Spinecare Providers model and CRISP protocols and emphasis on patient empowerment, self-efficacy and management versus treatment

Interdisciplinary Collaborative Triage of paitnets based upon MRI findings of disc herniation, disc bulge, protrusion, extrusion or sequestrations and spinal cord or nerve root negative sequellae, clinical findings of neuro-compressive pathologies and neurodiagnostic findings of EMG/NCV, SSEP, VEP, BAIER, VEP and V-ENG findings

Neurophysiological central and peripheral nervous system mechanisms of pain with integrated higher cortical functions of the thalamus, cingulate, amygdala, pre-frontal, motor and sensory cortexes. Tauma and chronic pain care effecting mechanoreceptors, nociceptors and proprioceptors through adjustive therapy based upon evidenced based care and curent literature verifications

MRI interpretation of bone, intradural, extradural, cord and neural sleeve lesions. Tuberculosis, drop lesions, metastasis, ependymoma, schwanoma and numerous other spinal related tumors and lesions.

Normal anatomy of axial and sagittal views utilizing T1, T2, 3D gradient and STIR sequences of imaging. Standardized and desired protocols in views and sequencing of MRI examination to create an accurate diagnosis in MRI

Magnetic fields, T1 and T2 relaxations, nuclear spins, phase encoding, spin echo, T1 and T2 contrast, magnetic properties of metals and the historical perspective of the creation of NMR and MRI.

MRI interpretation of bulged, herniated, protruded, extruded, sequestered and fragmented disc pathologies in etiology and neurological sequelae in relationship to the spinal cord and spinal nerve roots

Understanding and applying scientific literature in trauma patients to create diagnostic, prognostic and treatment protocols.

Interpreting MRI pathology as sequella to trauma to determine herniation, bulge, protrusion and extrusion in order to create diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment protocols

Utilization principles and algorithms of spinal biomechanical engineering to analyze chronic and trauma patients in creating diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment protocols

Interpreting MRI pathology as sequella to trauma to determine herniation, bulge, protrusion and extrusion in order to create diagnostic, prognostic and treatment protocols

MRI interpretation sequencing of the cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine inclusive of T1, T2, STIR and 3D gradient studies to ensure the accurate diagnosis of the region visualized. New York Chiropractic Council

The clinical application of the results of space occupying lesions. Disc and tumor pathologies and the clinical indications of manual and adjustive therapies in the patient with spinal nerve root and spinal cord insult as sequelae

The Cartesian Coordinate System from the history to the the application in the human body. Explanation of the x, y and z axes in both translation and rotations (thetas) and how they are applicable to human biomechanics.

This includes the normal and pathobiomechanical movement of both the anterior and posterior motor units and normal function and relationships of the intrinsic musculature to those motor units. Nomenclature in reporting normal and pathobiomechanical findings of the spine.

This includes the normal and pathobiomechanical movement of both the anterior and posterior motor units and normal function and relationship of the intrinsic musculature to those motor nunits. Nomenclature in reporting normal and pathobiomechanical findings of the spine.

To clinically correlate annular tears, disc herniations, fractures, ligament pathology and spinal segmental instability as sequella to pathobiomechanics from trauma. The utilization of digital motion x-ray in diagnosing normal versus abnormal fact motion along with case studies to understand the clinical application.

Integrating spinal biomechanics and pathobiomechanics through digitized analysis.The comparison of organized versus disorganized compensation with regional and global compensation. Correlation of the vestibular, ocular and proprioceptive neurological integration in the righting reflex as evidenced in imaging. Digital and numerical algorithm in analyzing a spine.

Digitizing and analyzing the cervical spine in neutral, flexion and extension views to diagnose pathobiomechanics. This includes alteration of motion segment integrity (AMOSI) in both angular and translational movement. Ligament instability/failure/pathology are identified all using numerical values and models. Review of case studies to analyze pathobiomechanics using a computerized/numerical algorithm.

Digitizing and analyzing the lumbar spine images to diagnose pathobiomechanics. This includes anterior and posterior vertebral body elements in rotational analysis with neutral, left and right lateral bending in conjunction with gate analysis. Ligament instability/failure/pathology is identified all using numerical values and models. Review of case studies for analysis of pathobiomechanics using a computerized/numerical algorithm along with corrective guidelines.

Digitizing and analyzing the full spine images to diagnose pathobiomechanics as sequellae to trauma in relation to ligamentous failure and disc and vertebral pathology as sequellae. This includes anterior and posterior vertebral body elements in rotational analysis with neutral, left and right lateral bending in conjunction with gate analysis. Ligament instability/failure/pathology is identified all using numerical values and models. Review of case studies for analysis of pathobiomechanics using a computerized/numerical algorithm along with corrective guidelines.

Review of electrodiagnostic evidence of myopathies and myotonia, prsented by Jun Kimura, MD

A study of various presentations and electrodiagnostic findings, presented by Jun Kimura, MD

A review of the electrophysiological and anatomical risk factors contributing to development of various abnormalities in the peripheral nervous system.

presented by Jun Kimura, MD, Recognition of spinal pathologies of the disc, neural canals, disc lesions and other space occupying lesions and electrodiagnostic evidence of such

Common and uncommon nerve conduction studies, presented by Sanjeev Nandedkar, PhD

Case presentations with review of histoy, physical findings and electrodiagnostic protocols

Presented by Ronald D. Fudual, DC, DACAN, DIBE

Presented by David H. Durrant, DC, PhD(c), DABCN, FIACN

Review of standards of testing and appropriate electrodiagnostic procedures as well as various differential diagnostic protocols

Physical Findings, symptomatic pictures and electrodiagnostic protocols

An Overview of Diagnostic Methodologies

Correlation of Nerve Conduction and EMG finding with blood work and other laboratory finds to arrive at a clinical diagnosis

Clinical features of radiculopathies, etiologies, differential diagnosis, updated American Association of Neuromuscular and Electrodiagnostic Medicine, (AANEM), guidelines

A process of identifying, categorizing axonal, demyelinating, mixed neuropathies, determining etiologies and Advanced testing to determine rapidity of progression or degree of severity

Review of features of Vasculitic Neuropathies, inclluding axonal losses, overlapping extensive multiple mononeuropathies and a basic clinical approach

Anatomical review of the lobes, sulci/fissures, gyri. Reviewing the blood supply of the brain, with cross sections, horizontal brain sections, Pons and Medulla

Electrodiagnostic considerations presented by David H. Durrant, DC, PhD(c), FACSP, FIACN of the Chicago Neuroscience Institute: Anterior Horn Cell disease, pyramidal tracts, spinal cord diseases

Patient Mental Status Exam, Aspects of Functions vs Organic Illness, Physical Exam of the Head, Face and Neck, Cranial Nerves, Ocular System Motor System and Sensory Systems and Cerebellar Systems

How to keep records and review data and making a clinical connection

Various Diagnosis found with the utilization of Electrodiagnostic Methods. Stiff Person Syndrome, Tetanus, Strychnine Poisoning, Glycogen Storage Disease, various Metabolic Myopathies, as presented by Ronald D Fudala, DC, DACAN, DIBE

An Advanced Approach and Latest Developments of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in an electrodiagnostic setting

Disorders of Cramp, Spasm and Myalgic States

Anatomy and disections of the human upper and lower extremities

Presented by Donald Dishman, DC, DACAN, DIBE and Brian Hosler, DC, DACBR, review of complex issues and overlapping conditions

Understanding abnormal EMG waveforms

Level One 120 hour post-graduate study in low tech applications of spinal rehabilitation, utilizing physical hands on means and Swiss exercise balls, thera-bands and wobble boards etc.

Attended, 120 hours of post-graduate study in ergonomics, the study of and prevention of repetative motion injuries, industrial accidents and prevention services offer to business and industries

A course of study in the Spinal Bio-Mechanics & Scoliosis Correction